2 CFR 200 § 200.332

Findings Citing § 200.332

Requirements for pass-through entities.

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About this section
Section 200.332 requires pass-through entities to verify that subrecipients are eligible for federal funding and to clearly identify subawards with specific information, such as the subrecipient's name, federal award details, and funding amounts. This affects organizations that distribute federal funds to ensure compliance and transparency in funding processes.
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FY End: 2023-06-30
City of Newton, Massachusetts
Compliance Requirement: M
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT Material Weakness in Internal Control over Compliance and Material Noncompliance 2023-003 HOME Investment Partnership Program, ALN. 14.239 Award Period: July 1, 2022 – June 30, 2023 Compliance Requirement: Subrecipient Monitoring Criteria or Specific Requirement: The Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Title 2 Part 200.332 – Requirements for Pass- Through Entities states, in part, that all pass-through entities must monitor the activities o...

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT Material Weakness in Internal Control over Compliance and Material Noncompliance 2023-003 HOME Investment Partnership Program, ALN. 14.239 Award Period: July 1, 2022 – June 30, 2023 Compliance Requirement: Subrecipient Monitoring Criteria or Specific Requirement: The Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Title 2 Part 200.332 – Requirements for Pass- Through Entities states, in part, that all pass-through entities must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the subaward; and that subaward performance goals are achieved. Condition and Context: For one (1) vendor in our sample of five (5) in a population of 13, documentation of monitoring was not provided. For one (1) vendor in our sample of five (5) in a population of 13, there was no evidence of management review of monitoring procedures. Questioned Costs: None Cause: Procedures were not in place to fully document subrecipient monitoring for all subrecipients. Effect: Noncompliance with the federal grant program occurred. Repeat Finding: No. Recommendation: We recommend procedures be strengthened to fully document subrecipient monitoring for all subrecipients. Views of Responsible Officials: Management agrees with the finding.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Workforce Development Board Work4wv Region 1, Inc.
Compliance Requirement: M
2023-005 SUBRECIPIENT MONITORING (REPEAT OF PRIOR YEAR FINDING 2022-06) Federal Program Information:, Federal Agency and Program Name, Federal Assistance Listing Number U.S. Department of Labor, WIOA Cluster, 17.258/17.259/17.278 Criteria: 2 CFR 200.303 requires that a non-federal entity must “(a) establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statu...

2023-005 SUBRECIPIENT MONITORING (REPEAT OF PRIOR YEAR FINDING 2022-06) Federal Program Information:, Federal Agency and Program Name, Federal Assistance Listing Number U.S. Department of Labor, WIOA Cluster, 17.258/17.259/17.278 Criteria: 2 CFR 200.303 requires that a non-federal entity must “(a) establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. These internal controls should be in compliance with guidance in “Standards for Internal Control in the Federal Government” issued by the Comptroller General of the United States and the “Internal Control Integrated Framework”, issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).” Recipients must ensure that commercial organizations that are subrecipients under WIOA Title I and expend more than the minimum level specified in 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, have either an organization-wide audit conducted in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200 or a program-specific financial and compliance audit (20 CFR section 683.210). 2 CFR 200.332(b) requires that all pass-through entities must: Evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the subaward for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring described in paragraphs (d) and (e) of this section. Condition: Upon inquiry of management, the Board did not perform any subrecipient monitoring procedures related to the Board’s grant agreement with its subrecipient for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. Questioned Costs: Unknown Context: Total federal expenditures for the WIOA Cluster were $4,165,604 for the year ended June 30, 2023, which included $1,350,121 of expenditures to subrecipients. Cause: Although the Board has policies and procedures in place surrounding the subrecipient monitoring compliance requirements, due to staffing issues during the fiscal year and lack of knowledge of all the federal compliance requirements, no subrecipient monitoring was completed. Effect: The Board is not in compliance with the federal statutes, regulations, and terms and conditions of the federal award. Recommendation: We recommend that the Board review its policies and procedures for sufficiency and commit the appropriate personnel to subrecipient monitoring to ensure that the Board is in compliance with all federal requirements. Views of Responsible Officials: We agree with the finding and will take the necessary corrective actions as noted in the corrective action plan attached.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Workforce Development Board Work4wv Region 1, Inc.
Compliance Requirement: M
2023-005 SUBRECIPIENT MONITORING (REPEAT OF PRIOR YEAR FINDING 2022-06) Federal Program Information:, Federal Agency and Program Name, Federal Assistance Listing Number U.S. Department of Labor, WIOA Cluster, 17.258/17.259/17.278 Criteria: 2 CFR 200.303 requires that a non-federal entity must “(a) establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statu...

2023-005 SUBRECIPIENT MONITORING (REPEAT OF PRIOR YEAR FINDING 2022-06) Federal Program Information:, Federal Agency and Program Name, Federal Assistance Listing Number U.S. Department of Labor, WIOA Cluster, 17.258/17.259/17.278 Criteria: 2 CFR 200.303 requires that a non-federal entity must “(a) establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. These internal controls should be in compliance with guidance in “Standards for Internal Control in the Federal Government” issued by the Comptroller General of the United States and the “Internal Control Integrated Framework”, issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).” Recipients must ensure that commercial organizations that are subrecipients under WIOA Title I and expend more than the minimum level specified in 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, have either an organization-wide audit conducted in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200 or a program-specific financial and compliance audit (20 CFR section 683.210). 2 CFR 200.332(b) requires that all pass-through entities must: Evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the subaward for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring described in paragraphs (d) and (e) of this section. Condition: Upon inquiry of management, the Board did not perform any subrecipient monitoring procedures related to the Board’s grant agreement with its subrecipient for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. Questioned Costs: Unknown Context: Total federal expenditures for the WIOA Cluster were $4,165,604 for the year ended June 30, 2023, which included $1,350,121 of expenditures to subrecipients. Cause: Although the Board has policies and procedures in place surrounding the subrecipient monitoring compliance requirements, due to staffing issues during the fiscal year and lack of knowledge of all the federal compliance requirements, no subrecipient monitoring was completed. Effect: The Board is not in compliance with the federal statutes, regulations, and terms and conditions of the federal award. Recommendation: We recommend that the Board review its policies and procedures for sufficiency and commit the appropriate personnel to subrecipient monitoring to ensure that the Board is in compliance with all federal requirements. Views of Responsible Officials: We agree with the finding and will take the necessary corrective actions as noted in the corrective action plan attached.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Workforce Development Board Work4wv Region 1, Inc.
Compliance Requirement: M
2023-005 SUBRECIPIENT MONITORING (REPEAT OF PRIOR YEAR FINDING 2022-06) Federal Program Information:, Federal Agency and Program Name, Federal Assistance Listing Number U.S. Department of Labor, WIOA Cluster, 17.258/17.259/17.278 Criteria: 2 CFR 200.303 requires that a non-federal entity must “(a) establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statu...

2023-005 SUBRECIPIENT MONITORING (REPEAT OF PRIOR YEAR FINDING 2022-06) Federal Program Information:, Federal Agency and Program Name, Federal Assistance Listing Number U.S. Department of Labor, WIOA Cluster, 17.258/17.259/17.278 Criteria: 2 CFR 200.303 requires that a non-federal entity must “(a) establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. These internal controls should be in compliance with guidance in “Standards for Internal Control in the Federal Government” issued by the Comptroller General of the United States and the “Internal Control Integrated Framework”, issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).” Recipients must ensure that commercial organizations that are subrecipients under WIOA Title I and expend more than the minimum level specified in 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, have either an organization-wide audit conducted in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200 or a program-specific financial and compliance audit (20 CFR section 683.210). 2 CFR 200.332(b) requires that all pass-through entities must: Evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the subaward for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring described in paragraphs (d) and (e) of this section. Condition: Upon inquiry of management, the Board did not perform any subrecipient monitoring procedures related to the Board’s grant agreement with its subrecipient for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. Questioned Costs: Unknown Context: Total federal expenditures for the WIOA Cluster were $4,165,604 for the year ended June 30, 2023, which included $1,350,121 of expenditures to subrecipients. Cause: Although the Board has policies and procedures in place surrounding the subrecipient monitoring compliance requirements, due to staffing issues during the fiscal year and lack of knowledge of all the federal compliance requirements, no subrecipient monitoring was completed. Effect: The Board is not in compliance with the federal statutes, regulations, and terms and conditions of the federal award. Recommendation: We recommend that the Board review its policies and procedures for sufficiency and commit the appropriate personnel to subrecipient monitoring to ensure that the Board is in compliance with all federal requirements. Views of Responsible Officials: We agree with the finding and will take the necessary corrective actions as noted in the corrective action plan attached.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Workforce Development Board Work4wv Region 1, Inc.
Compliance Requirement: M
2023-005 SUBRECIPIENT MONITORING (REPEAT OF PRIOR YEAR FINDING 2022-06) Federal Program Information:, Federal Agency and Program Name, Federal Assistance Listing Number U.S. Department of Labor, WIOA Cluster, 17.258/17.259/17.278 Criteria: 2 CFR 200.303 requires that a non-federal entity must “(a) establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statu...

2023-005 SUBRECIPIENT MONITORING (REPEAT OF PRIOR YEAR FINDING 2022-06) Federal Program Information:, Federal Agency and Program Name, Federal Assistance Listing Number U.S. Department of Labor, WIOA Cluster, 17.258/17.259/17.278 Criteria: 2 CFR 200.303 requires that a non-federal entity must “(a) establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. These internal controls should be in compliance with guidance in “Standards for Internal Control in the Federal Government” issued by the Comptroller General of the United States and the “Internal Control Integrated Framework”, issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).” Recipients must ensure that commercial organizations that are subrecipients under WIOA Title I and expend more than the minimum level specified in 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, have either an organization-wide audit conducted in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200 or a program-specific financial and compliance audit (20 CFR section 683.210). 2 CFR 200.332(b) requires that all pass-through entities must: Evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the subaward for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring described in paragraphs (d) and (e) of this section. Condition: Upon inquiry of management, the Board did not perform any subrecipient monitoring procedures related to the Board’s grant agreement with its subrecipient for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. Questioned Costs: Unknown Context: Total federal expenditures for the WIOA Cluster were $4,165,604 for the year ended June 30, 2023, which included $1,350,121 of expenditures to subrecipients. Cause: Although the Board has policies and procedures in place surrounding the subrecipient monitoring compliance requirements, due to staffing issues during the fiscal year and lack of knowledge of all the federal compliance requirements, no subrecipient monitoring was completed. Effect: The Board is not in compliance with the federal statutes, regulations, and terms and conditions of the federal award. Recommendation: We recommend that the Board review its policies and procedures for sufficiency and commit the appropriate personnel to subrecipient monitoring to ensure that the Board is in compliance with all federal requirements. Views of Responsible Officials: We agree with the finding and will take the necessary corrective actions as noted in the corrective action plan attached.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Community Partners
Compliance Requirement: M
Subrecipient Monitoring Finding Type: Significant Deficiency in Internal control over compliance and noncompliance Federal Program Title and AL Number: Activities to Support State, Tribal, Local and Territorial (STLT) Health Department Response to Public Health or Healthcare crisis (93.931). Criteria: The Uniform Guidance in 2 CFR Section 200.332 states that pass-through entities must “evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance with federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and condi...

Subrecipient Monitoring Finding Type: Significant Deficiency in Internal control over compliance and noncompliance Federal Program Title and AL Number: Activities to Support State, Tribal, Local and Territorial (STLT) Health Department Response to Public Health or Healthcare crisis (93.931). Criteria: The Uniform Guidance in 2 CFR Section 200.332 states that pass-through entities must “evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance with federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the subaward for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring.” Condition and context: The Organization did not have a subrecipient risk assessment process in place that corresponded with a risk-based monitoring plan. Cause: The Organization’s internal controls did not ensure compliance with 2 CFR Section 200.332. Effect: The Organization did not comply with subrecipient monitoring requirements. Questioned Costs: Questioned costs are not able to be determined. Repeat finding: Yes, see finding 2022-006. Recommendation: We recommend that the Organization implement a formal risk assessment process to monitor its subrecipients. Views of responsible officials and planned corrective actions: Management concurs with the finding and recommendation. Please see the attached corrective action plan.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Community Partners
Compliance Requirement: M
Subrecipient Monitoring Finding Type: Material Weakness in Internal Controls over Compliance and Noncompliance Federal Program Title and AL Number: Activities to Support State, Tribal, Local and Territorial (STLT) Health Department Response to Public Health or Healthcare Crisis (93.391). Criteria: 2 CFR Section 200.332 states that pass-through entities must verify that every subrecipient is audited as required when it is expected that the subrecipient's federal awards expended during the respect...

Subrecipient Monitoring Finding Type: Material Weakness in Internal Controls over Compliance and Noncompliance Federal Program Title and AL Number: Activities to Support State, Tribal, Local and Territorial (STLT) Health Department Response to Public Health or Healthcare Crisis (93.391). Criteria: 2 CFR Section 200.332 states that pass-through entities must verify that every subrecipient is audited as required when it is expected that the subrecipient's federal awards expended during the respective fiscal year equaled or exceeded the threshold set forth in §200.501 as well as folow up and ensure the subrecipients take timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award, including actions taken to address single audit findings. Condition and context: Subrecipients were required to certify whether a single audit was required; and if completed, to report any findings. We were unable to obtain documentation that management followed up on the reported findings for two out of the nine statistically valid samples. Cause: The Organization’s internal controls did not ensure compliance with 2 CFR Section 200.332. Effect: The Organization did not comply with subrecipient monitoring requirements. Questioned Costs: Questioned costs are not able to be determined. Repeat finding: No. Recommendation: We recommend that the Organization implement a process to follow up with subrecipients to ensure compliance with 2 CFR Section 200.332. Views of responsible officials and planned corrective actions: Management concurs with the finding and recommendation. Please see the attached corrective action plan.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Community Partners
Compliance Requirement: M
Subrecipient Monitoring Finding Type: Significant Deficiency in Internal control over compliance and noncompliance Federal Program Title and AL Number: Activities to Support State, Tribal, Local and Territorial (STLT) Health Department Response to Public Health or Healthcare crisis (93.931). Criteria: The Uniform Guidance in 2 CFR Section 200.332 states that pass-through entities must “evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance with federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and condi...

Subrecipient Monitoring Finding Type: Significant Deficiency in Internal control over compliance and noncompliance Federal Program Title and AL Number: Activities to Support State, Tribal, Local and Territorial (STLT) Health Department Response to Public Health or Healthcare crisis (93.931). Criteria: The Uniform Guidance in 2 CFR Section 200.332 states that pass-through entities must “evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance with federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the subaward for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring.” Condition and context: The Organization did not have a subrecipient risk assessment process in place that corresponded with a risk-based monitoring plan. Cause: The Organization’s internal controls did not ensure compliance with 2 CFR Section 200.332. Effect: The Organization did not comply with subrecipient monitoring requirements. Questioned Costs: Questioned costs are not able to be determined. Repeat finding: Yes, see finding 2022-006. Recommendation: We recommend that the Organization implement a formal risk assessment process to monitor its subrecipients. Views of responsible officials and planned corrective actions: Management concurs with the finding and recommendation. Please see the attached corrective action plan.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Community Partners
Compliance Requirement: M
Subrecipient Monitoring Finding Type: Material Weakness in Internal Controls over Compliance and Noncompliance Federal Program Title and AL Number: Activities to Support State, Tribal, Local and Territorial (STLT) Health Department Response to Public Health or Healthcare Crisis (93.391). Criteria: 2 CFR Section 200.332 states that pass-through entities must verify that every subrecipient is audited as required when it is expected that the subrecipient's federal awards expended during the respect...

Subrecipient Monitoring Finding Type: Material Weakness in Internal Controls over Compliance and Noncompliance Federal Program Title and AL Number: Activities to Support State, Tribal, Local and Territorial (STLT) Health Department Response to Public Health or Healthcare Crisis (93.391). Criteria: 2 CFR Section 200.332 states that pass-through entities must verify that every subrecipient is audited as required when it is expected that the subrecipient's federal awards expended during the respective fiscal year equaled or exceeded the threshold set forth in §200.501 as well as folow up and ensure the subrecipients take timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award, including actions taken to address single audit findings. Condition and context: Subrecipients were required to certify whether a single audit was required; and if completed, to report any findings. We were unable to obtain documentation that management followed up on the reported findings for two out of the nine statistically valid samples. Cause: The Organization’s internal controls did not ensure compliance with 2 CFR Section 200.332. Effect: The Organization did not comply with subrecipient monitoring requirements. Questioned Costs: Questioned costs are not able to be determined. Repeat finding: No. Recommendation: We recommend that the Organization implement a process to follow up with subrecipients to ensure compliance with 2 CFR Section 200.332. Views of responsible officials and planned corrective actions: Management concurs with the finding and recommendation. Please see the attached corrective action plan.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

FY End: 2023-06-30
Wake Forest University
Compliance Requirement: M
Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluatio...

Finding No. 2023-002: Subrecipient Monitoring Federal Program Research and Development Cluster (multiple ALNs) Federal Award Year July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Federal Award Agencies U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Science Foundation Criteria or Requirement Per CFR section 200.332(b), a pass-through entity (PTE) must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward. This evaluation of risk may include consideration of such factors as the following: 1. The subrecipient’s prior experience with the same or similar subawards; 2. The results of previous audits including whether or not the subrecipient receives single audits in accordance with 2 CFR Part 200, Subpart F, and the extent to which the same or similar subaward has been audited as a major program; 3. Whether the subrecipient has new personnel or new or substantially changed systems; and 4. The extent and results of federal awarding agency monitoring (e.g., if the subrecipient also receives federal awards directly from a federal awarding agency. Per 2 CFR sections 200.332(d) through (f), a pass-through entity (PTE) must monitor the activities of the subrecipient as necessary to ensure that the subaward is used for authorized purposes, complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. In addition to the procedures identified as necessary based upon the evaluation of subrecipient risk or specifically required by the terms and conditions of the award, subaward monitoring must include the following: 1. Reviewing financial and programmatic (performance and special reports) required by the PTE. 2. Following-up and ensuring that the subrecipient takes timely and appropriate action on all deficiencies pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE detected through audits, on-site reviews, and other means. 3. Issuing a management decision for audit findings pertaining to the federal award provided to the subrecipient from the PTE as required by 2 CFR section 200.521. Per 2 CFR 200.303, the non-Federal entity must establish and maintain effective internal control over the Federal award that provides reasonable assurance that the non-Federal entity is managing the Federal award in compliance with Federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the Federal award. Condition and Context In thirty-eight of forty samples totaling $2,821,079, there was no documentation showing that the University evaluated the subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance for purposes of determining the appropriate subrecipient monitoring related to the subaward and monitored the activities of the subrecipient to ensure that the subaward complies with the terms and conditions of the subaward, and achieves performance goals. Cause and Potential Effect The University has a protocol in place outlining required risk evaluation and monitoring of subrecipients. Certain monitoring procedures were performed; however, the risk assessment process and the monitoring procedures related to review of subrecipient Uniform Guidance reports were not performed on a consistent basis due to certain transitions which occurred during the year. Questioned Costs None. Statistically Valid Sample The sample was not intended to be not, and was, a statistically valid sample. Identification of Whether the Audit Finding is a Repeat of a Finding in the Immediately Prior Audit This is not a repeat finding. Recommendation The University should continue to follow their established protocol and document the review of their ongoing risk evaluation and monitoring process for all subrecipients. View of Responsible Officials We concur with the auditor’s assessment that subrecipient monitoring did not happen in the auditor’s desired time frame, but as of publication of this report all monitoring activities have been completed for fiscal year 2023 and will be completed for fiscal year 2024 prior to our next audit cycle.

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